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Eliza Brightwen
Eliza Brightwen (also known as Lizzie Brightwen or Eliza Elder) (30 October 1830 – 5 May 1906) was a Scottish naturalist. Self-taught, much of her observations were made on the grounds of The Grove, the estate she shared with her husband, until his death, and she remained at until her own death. She was described, in 1912, as "one of the most popular naturalists of her day."
==Personal life==
Eliza Brightwen was born in 1830 in Banff, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Her parents were named George and Margaret Elder. Brightwen had three other siblings. Her mother died in 1837 and her father was dead by that time, too.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~thegrove/brightfuneral.html )〕 Brightwen was adopted, after her mother died, by her uncle, Alexander Elder. He was a co-founder of Smith, Elder & Co. Brightwen moved to Streatham to live with her uncle. She then moved to Stoke Newington. She did not receive formal education.〔 She expressed interest in natural history as a child and described her youth as "extremely lonely and quiet." She married George Brightwen in 1855. He was a banker before he quit to run his own business in which he made a lot of money. The couple moved to Stanmore and living in a home called Elderslie in Bushey Heath.〔
Brightwen suffered from health problems. She had a nervous breakdown in 1872. She lived as a recluse for ten years, with little to no contact with her husband and friends. She rarely left the house and did not read. George Brightwen died in 1883. She came out of her reclusiveness and to be active intellectually and physically. She continued to suffer from body pains for the rest of her life. She continued to rarely leave The Grove.〔
Brightwen lived in Stanmore until she died in May 1906. Their home, The Grove, was an estate with 170 acres of grounds where she did much of her research.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~thegrove/brightwen.html )〕 They renovated the house. The remodel was done by Brightwen Binyon. She made the billiard room into a museum after her husbands death.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~thegrove/museum.html )〕 She was a philanthropist and attended church regularly. She had no children. She is buried at a church in Stanmore.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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